The Equality Act 2010 make it unlawful for employers to treat workers less favourably than others on account of sex, sexual orientation, transgender or marital status. Workers are protected at all stages of employment, including recruitment and dismissal, against both direct discrimination and indirect discrimination.
There are also special laws in the Equality Act protecting you from unfavourable treatment while you are pregnant or on maternity leave.
There are some exceptions called 'occupational requirements' where having (or not having) a protected characteristic is an essential requirement for a particular job. This exception is very narrowly interpreted. An example might be an acting role that must be performed by a man.
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